The truth about the dark web is that in addition to offering extreme privacy and protection from the surveillance of authoritarian governments, it facilitates a growing underground marketplace that sophisticated criminals use to traffic drugs, stolen identities, child pornography, and other illicit products and services. Radical anonymity, however, casts a long shadow. The Tor browser-a free download-is all you need to unlock this hidden corner of the web where privacy is paramount. Tor lives on the fringe of the internet and serves as the underlying technology of the dark web-a collection of hidden sites inaccessible via a regular browser and not indexed by search engines such as Google. Enter the Tor network, short for “The Onion Router,” given the many layers of encryption that guard passing information. And while the original clandestine intention was never fully realized, some of the researchers saw a different value proposition at hand-launching a nonprofit focused on anonymity for human rights and privacy activists.
This secret network would not be known or accessible to ordinary internet surfers. In the late 1990s, two research organizations in the US Department of Defense drove efforts to develop an anonymized and encrypted network that would protect the sensitive communications of US spies. Intended to protect dissidents, it has also cloaked illegal activity
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